Historical country records

Comoros historical timeline

Comoros

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
1886	Ngazidja (Grande Comore), Ndzuwani (Anjouan), and Mwali	Leaders
25 Jul 1912	annexed by France (joined with Mayotte as Mayotte and Dependencies); subordinated to Madagascar (de facto 23 Feb 1914)	Leaders
27 Oct 1946	French overseas territory	Leaders
6 Jul 1975	independence (State of Comoros) (excluding Mayotte)	Leaders
24 May 1978	Federal and Islamic Republic of Comoros	Leaders
23 Dec 2001	new constitution approved by referendum, creating the Union of Comoros	Leaders
25 Jul 1912 - 21 Feb 1913	Gabriel Samuel Garnier-Mouton	Administrators
21 Feb 1913 - 1914	Honoré Cartron	Administrators
24 Oct 1946 - 31 Dec 1948	Alain Alaniou	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
31 Dec 1948 - Dec 1950	Marie Emmanuel Adolphe Roger Rémy	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
Dec 1950 - Apr 1956	Pierre Coudert	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
Apr 1956 - 30 Jun 1959	Georges Victor Maurice Arnaud	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
30 Jun 1959 - 14 Dec 1960	Gabriel Savignac (acting)	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
14 Dec 1960 - 22 May 1962	Louis Saget	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
22 May 1962 - 15 Feb 1963	Yves de Daruvar	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
15 Feb 1963 - 26 Jul 1966	Henri Bernard	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
26 Jul 1966 - Nov 1969	Antoine Colombani	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
Nov 1969 - Jul 1975	Jacques Mouradian	Administrators-superior (from 27 Feb 1962, high commissioners)
6 Jul 1975 - 3 Aug 1975	Ahmed Abdallah (1st time) Head of State)	Presidents
3 Aug 1975 - 3 Jan 1976	Said Mohamed Jaffar 1975, then chairman National Executive Council)	Presidents
3 Jan 1976 - 13 May 1978	Ali Soilih	Presidents
13 May 1978 - 23 May 1978	Said Atthoumani	Presidents
23 May 1978 - 3 Oct 1978	Ahmed Abdallah (2nd time) + Mohamed Ahmed (b. 1917 - d. 1984) Directorate)	Presidents
3 Oct 1978 - 27 Nov 1989	Ahmed Abdallah (3rd time)	Presidents
27 Nov 1989 - 29 Sep 1995	Said Mohamed Djohar (1st time)	Presidents
29 Sep 1995 - 2 Oct 1995	Ayouba Combo	Presidents
2 Oct 1995 - 5 Oct 1995	Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim + Said Ali Kemal (b. 1938)	Presidents
5 Oct 1995 - 26 Jan 1996	Caabi El-Yachroutu (interim)	Presidents
26 Jan 1996 - 25 Mar 1996	Said Mohamed Djohar (2nd time)	Presidents
25 Mar 1996 - 6 Nov 1998	Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim	Presidents
6 Nov 1998 - 30 Apr 1999	Tadjidine Ben Said Massounde	Presidents
30 Apr 1999 - 21 Jan 2002	Azali Assoumani (1st time) 6 May 1999, then Head of State)	Presidents
21 Jan 2002 - 26 May 2002	Hamada Madi (interim)	Presidents
26 May 2002 - 26 May 2006	Azali Assoumani (2nd time)	Presidents
26 May 2006 -	Ahmed Abdallah Sambi	Presidents
13 Aug 1957 - 1 Jan 1962	Mohamed Ahmed	Vice president of the Government Council
1 Jan 1962 - 16 Mar 1970	Said Mohamed Cheikh	Presidents of the Government Council
2 Apr 1970 - 16 Jun 1972	Said Ibrahim Ben Ali	Presidents of the Government Council
16 Jun 1972 - 26 Dec 1972	Said Mohamed Jaffar	Presidents of the Government Council
26 Dec 1972 - 6 Jul 1975	Ahmed Abdallah	Presidents of the Government Council
7 Jan 1976 - 22 Dec 1978	Abdallah Mohamed	Prime ministers
22 Dec 1978 - 8 Feb 1982	Salim Ben Ali	Prime ministers
8 Feb 1982 - 31 Dec 1984	Ali Mroudjae	Prime ministers
7 Jan 1992 - 15 Jul 1992	Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim	Prime ministers
1 Jan 1993 - 26 May 1993	Ibrahim Halidi	Prime ministers
26 May 1993 - 19 Jun 1993	Said Ali Mohamed	Prime ministers
20 Jun 1993 - 2 Jan 1994	Ahmed Ben Cheikh Attoumane	Prime ministers
2 Jan 1994 - 14 Oct 1994	Mohamed Abdou Madi	Prime ministers
14 Oct 1994 - 29 Apr 1995	Halifa Houmadi	Prime ministers
29 Apr 1995 - 27 Mar 1996	Caabi El-Yachroutu	Prime ministers
27 Mar 1996 - 27 Dec 1996	Tadjidine Ben Said Massounde	Prime ministers
27 Dec 1996 - 9 Sep 1997	Ahmed Abdou	Prime ministers
7 Dec 1997 - 30 May 1998	Nourdine Bourhane	Prime ministers
22 Nov 1998 - 30 Apr 1999	Abbas Djoussouf	Prime ministers
2 Dec 1999 - 29 Nov 2000	Bianrifi Tarmidi	Prime ministers
29 Nov 2000 - 15 Apr 2002	Hamada Madi	Prime ministers

Ngazidja (Grande Comore)

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
1886	the ruler of Bambao unifies the island (the local rulers retaining their titles) into a State of Ngazidja; in that same year (24 Jun), Ngazidja becomes a French protectorate	Leaders
6 Jan 1892	local sultanates suppressed	Leaders
1911	annexed by France (officially ratified 1914)	Leaders
7 Apr 2002	new constitution approved by referendum, establishing Grande Comore as an autonomous part of the Union of Comoros	Leaders

Bambao

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Ngoma Mrahafu	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mwasi Pirusa	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Fum Mbavu Inkwaba	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mwenye Mji wa Mwenye Mambo	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Inye wa Mantsi	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mwenye Mji wa Mwanze	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Tambavu mna Muhame wa Saidi	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Tambavu Inkwaba	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Fum Nau wa Kori Dozi (tibe i)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mwenye Mji wa Mvunza Panga	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mla Nau (tibe ii)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Fozi Wa	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Suja Oma Inkwaba	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Nyau wa Faume (f)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Bamba Oma wa Ju Mamba (1st time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Ahmed bin Shekhe Ngome (1st time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Bamba Oma wa Ju Mamba (2nd time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Ahmed bin Shekhe Ngome (2nd time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Saidi Bakari	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Ahmed bin Shekhe Ngome (3rd time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mwenye Mambo	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Ju Mamba	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mohamed bin Ahmed (1st time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
18.. - 18..	Ahmed bin Shekhe Ngome (4th time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
18.. - 18..	Abdallah bin Saidi Hamza (1st time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
1874	Mohamed bin Ahmed (2nd time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
18.. - 18..	Mwenye Mji (1st time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
18.. - 18..	Abdallah bin Saidi Hamza (2nd time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
18.. - 18..	Saidi Bakari bin Ahmed (1st time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
18.. - 18..	Mwenye Mji (2nd time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
18.. - 18..	Abdallah bin Saidi Hamza (3rd time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
18.. - 18..	Saidi Bakari bin Ahmed (2nd time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
18.. - 1886	Saidi Ali bin Saidi Omar (tibe xv)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty

Itsandra

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Fey Owa Mbaya	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Fey Mwenza	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Fey Jumbe	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Ju Mwamba Pirusa	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Zombe Ilingo	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Nguzo wa Inehili	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Tibe wa Kanzu	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Mkongo	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Mna Musa Hibu	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Muhammadi Saidi	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Mvunza Panga	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Fey Beja wa Wabeja (f)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Fum Nau wa Kori Dozi (tibe i)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Fey Fumu (1st time) (tibe iii)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Bwana Fumu (1st time) (tibe v)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Fey Fumu (2nd time) (tibe vi)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Bwana Fumu (2nd time) (tibe vii)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Fey Fumu (3rd time) (tibe viii)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Fum Mbavu (tibe ix)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Musa Fumu wa Fey Fumu (1st time)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Tibe Bamba (1st time) (tibe xii)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Musa Fumu wa Fey Fumu (2nd time)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Tibe Bamba (2nd time) (tibe xiv)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Musa Fumu wa Fey Fumu (3rd time)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Tibe Bamba (3rd time)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Musa Fumu wa Fey Fumu (4th time)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Tibe Bamba (4th time)	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty
... - ...	Kalega	Inya Fey wa Mbaya dynasty

Mitsamihuli

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Mahame Msahi	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Fozi wa Mahame	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mbantsi	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Ju Mambu Madi wa Musa Fumu	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Jumbe Fumu Mfaume wa Domba (1st time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Kori Dazi	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Jumbe Fumu Mfaume wa Domba (2nd time)	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Tambavu wa Jumbe Fumu	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Fozi Wa	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Suja Fumu Mbamba	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mba Fumu wa Jumbe Fumu	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Msa Fumu wa Tambwe	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Jumbe Fumu wa Jumbe Mfumu	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Mbandhi wa Bwana Haji	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - ...	Abdallah bin Ahmed	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty
... - 1886*	Bwana Fumu	Inya Mwatsoa Pirusa dynasty

Bajini

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Mwenye Bamba I	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - ...	Bamba Jumbe	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - ...	Tambe Mbafu wa Fum Nau	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - ...	Ju Mamba Oma wa Mla Nau	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - ...	Mwambatsi	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - ...	Mwenye Bamba II	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - ...	Bamba Oma	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - ...	Suja Oma wa Tambwe	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - ...	Shekani	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - ...	Fumu Oma	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
... - 1884	Oma wa Dari	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
188. - 188.	Ja Mhaba (f)	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
188. - 188.	Hashimu bin Ahmed (1st time)	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
188. - 188.	Hadija bint Ahmed (f)	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
188. - 1886	Hashimu bin Ahmed (2nd time)	Inya Mdombozi dynasty
1889	Hashimu bin Ahmed (3rd time)	Inya Mdombozi dynasty

Hambu

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Beja Mbuyuni	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Nau wa Migira	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Nau wa Moro	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Fumu Nau	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Yasi Azi	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Demani Mtango	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Fumu Jimba wa Idimani	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Madi Jimbwa wa Tangwe	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Dari wa Mla Nau	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Jumbe Fumu wa Suja Oma Inkwaba	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Suja Oma wa Tambwe	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Mrunda Mijo	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Fey Mwando wa Tambwe	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Bamba Oma wa Ju Mamba	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Tambwe wa Hinye	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Abudu bin Mohamed bin Sultani	Inya Mba Mro dynasty
... - ...	Bamba Oma wa Oma	Inya Mba Mro dynasty

Washili

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Mohama Mdume wa Beja	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Fey Zinda wa Mawana	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Fey Zinda wa Makasara	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Tambwe Msa Fumu	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Tambwe wa Habadi	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Jumbe Fumu wa Mlala Bwani	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
c.1760 - ...	Tambwe No Fumu wa Mla Nau	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Ju Mwamba Mwenye Majini	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Mba Fumu wa Suja Fumu Bamba	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Shekhe Salim	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Mavunzanga	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Tibe Mle	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Abudu	Inya Maoni Yambao dynasty, later Inya Fu Wemba dynasty

Hamahame

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Nye Hila	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Haji wa No Fumu	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Suja Oma Mshinda Kodo	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Jumbe Fumu Madi	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Bwana Haji Musa	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Simai	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Dari Oma	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Fumu Oma wa Nasiri	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Suja Oma wa Fumu	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Mba Fumu wa Bwana Haji	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty
... - ...	Suja Oma Bwana	Inya Fu Wemba dynasty

Mbude

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Msa Mwinza	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty
... - ...	Bamba	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty
... - ...	Lwali	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty
... - ...	Jumbe Fumu wa Tambwe	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty
... - ...	Dari Mbamba	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty
... - ...	Mwandhi Oma wa Jumbe Fumu	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty
... - ...	Bamba Oma wa Suja Funu	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty
... - ...	Jumbe Fumu Mna Mango	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty
... - ...	Bamba wa Madi Jimba	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty
... - ...	Jumbe Fumu wa Sinai	Inya Mwatsoa Udhiwa dynasty

Hamamvu

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	...	Sultans (also styled mfalme)

Mbaku

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Bwana Fumu	Sultans (also styled mfalme)

La Dombe

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
... - ...	Febeja Mambwe	Sultans (also styled mfalme)

Ngazidja

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
1886 - 1911	Saidi Ali bin Saidi Omar	Sultani tibe
29 May 2002 - 30 May 2007	Abdou Soulé Elbak	Presidents
30 May 2007 - 30 Jun 2007	Soudjay Hamadi (interim)	Presidents
30 Jun 2007 -	Mohamed Abdoulwahab	Presidents
Nov 1886 - Dec 1887	Louis Edmond Weber	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Jan 1888 - Nov 1888	Jules Lecorney	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Nov 1888 - Nov 1889	Henri Pupier	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Nov 1889 - Jun 1896	Léon Humblot	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Jun 1896 - Nov 1897	Eugène Decazes	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Nov 1897 - Apr 1899	Henri Pobéguin	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Apr 1899 - Sep 1899	Nicolas du Plantier	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Sep 1899 - Dec 1899	Jean Louis Edmond Alby	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Dec 1899 - Apr 1900	Bellemar	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Apr 1900 - Aug 1900	Sallefranque	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Aug 1900 - Jul 1901	Gratian	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Jul 1901 - Aug 1902	Veisseyre	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Aug 1902 - Apr 1903	René Pierre	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
May 1903 - Sep 1903	Mainguy	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Sep 1903 - Oct 1903	Louis Lemaire	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Oct 1903 - Apr 1904	Massol	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
May 1904 - Dec 1904	Feuillard	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Jan 1905 - Jun 1905	Carten	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Jun 1907 - Jun 1909	Pierre Martin (1st time)	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
Jun 1909 - May 1911	Ernest Lachat	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
May 1911 - 1912	Pierre Martin (2nd time)	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)

Ndzuwani (Anjouan)

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
1500	Ndzuwani sultanate founded	Leaders
21 Apr 1886	French protectorate	Leaders
25 Jul 1912	annexed by France	Leaders
3 Aug 1997	secession from Comoros (not internationally recognized)	Leaders
10 Mar 2002	new constitution approved by referendum, establishing Anjouan as an autonomous part of the Union of Comoros	Leaders
c.1676 - ...	Alimah III (f)	Sultans (also styled Phany)
... - 1741	Salim	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1741 - 1782	Saidi Ahmad	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1782 - 1788	Abdallah (1st time)	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1788 - 1792	Halimah (f)	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1792 - 1796	Abdallah (2nd time)	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1796 - 1816	Alawi bin Husain "Mwinye Fani"	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1816 - 1832	Abdallah bin Alawi (1st time)	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1832 - 1833	Ali bin Salim	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1833 - 1836	Abdallah bin Alawi (2nd time)	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1836 - 1837	Saidi Alawi bin Abdallah	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1837 - 1852	Salim bin Alawi	Sultans (also styled Phany)
1852 - 2 Feb 1891	Saidi Abdallah bin Salim	Sultans (also styled Phany)
Feb 1891 - 2 Apr 1891	Salim bin Abdallah	Sultans (also styled Phany)
2 Apr 1891 - 14 Apr 1892	Saidi Omar bin Saidi Hasan	Sultans (also styled Phany)
14 Apr 1892 - 25 Jul 1912	Saidi Mohamed bin Saidi Omar	Sultans (also styled Phany)
188. - 30 May 1895	Louis Auguste Bertrand Ormières	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
1892 - 189.	Castaing (acting for Ormières)	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
5 Aug 1997 - 1 Aug 1999	Foundi Abdallah Ibrahim	President
1 Aug 1999 - 9 Aug 2001	Said Abeid	Heads of state
10 Aug 2001 - 25 Aug 2001	Presidium - Halidi Charif - Mohamed Bacar (b. 1962) - Hassan Ali Toilha	Heads of state
25 Aug 2001 - 14 Apr 2002	Mohamed Bacar	Heads of state
24 Sep 2001 - 25 Sep 2001	Ahmed Aboubacar Foundi	Heads of state
14 Apr 2002 - 26 Apr 2007	Mohamed Bacar (1st time)	Presidents
28 Apr 2007 - 11 May 2007	Kaambi Houmadi (interim)	Presidents
11 May 2007 - 14 Jun 2007	Dhoihirou Halidi (interim)	Presidents
14 Jun 2007 - 25 Mar 2008	Mohamed Bacar (2nd time)	Presidents
26 Mar 2008 - 31 Mar 2008	Ikililou Dhoinine (provisional)	Presidents
31 Mar 2008 - 7 Jul 2008	Lailizamane Abdou Cheik (interim)	Presidents
7 Jul 2008 -	Moussa Toybou	Presidents
8 Mar 1998 - 7 Jul 1998	Chamasse Said Omar	Prime ministers
19 Jul 1998 - Dec 1998	Abdou Mohamed Mhindi	Prime ministers

Mwali (Mohéli)

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
1830	migrants from Madagascar establish Mwali as a separate sultanate	Leaders
26 Apr 1886	French protectorate	Leaders
1909	annexed by France	Leaders
11 Aug 1997 - 1998	secession from Comoros (not internationally recognized)	Leaders
10 Mar 2002	new constitution approved by referendum, establishing Mohéli as an autonomous part of the Union of Comoros	Leaders
1830 - 1842	Abderremane	Sultans
1842 - 1865	Raketaka Jombe Sudy (from 1851, Jumbe Fatima bint Abderremane) (f)	Sultans
1842 - 26 May 1849	Regency - Rovao (f) - Tsivandini (to 1847)	Sultans
Sep 1865 - 1874	Mohamed bin Saidi Hamadi Makadara	Sultans
Sep 1865 - 1868	Jumbe Fatima bint Abderremane	Sultans
1868 - Jan 1871	Joseph Lambert (regent)	Sultans
Jan 1871 - 1874	Jumbe Fatima bint Abderremane	Sultans
1874 - 1878	Jumbe Fatima bint Abderremane (f)	Sultans
1878 - 1885	Abderremane bin Saidi Hamadi Makadara (b. c.1860 - d. 1885)	Sultans
1885 - 1886	Mohammed Shekhe	Sultans
1886 - 1888	Marjani bin Abudu Shekhe	Sultans
1888 - 1909	Salima Machamba (f)	Sultans
1888 - 1889	Fadeli bin Othman + Balia Juma (f) + Abudu Tsivandini	Sultans
1889 - 1897	Mahmudu bin Mohamed Makadara	Sultans
1886 - 1887	Louis Hyacinthe Désiré Jules Vincent (b. 1846 - d. 1894)	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
1887 - 1888	Barneaud (1st time) (acting)	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
1888 - 1889	Edmond Édouard Regnot	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
1889	Barneaud (2nd time) (acting)	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
1889 - 1912	the residents of Anjouan	French residents (subordinated to the governors etc. of Mayotte)
11 Aug 1997 - 1998	Said Mohamed Souef	Presidents
19 May 2002 - 19 May 2007	Mohamed Said Fazul	Presidents
22 May 2007 - 1 Jul 2007	Youssouf El-Farouk (interim)	Presidents
1 Jul 2007 -	Mohamed Ali Said	Presidents
11 Aug 1997 - 1998	Soidri Ahmed	Prime minister