Historical country records

Italy historical timeline

Italy

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
17 Mar 1861	Kingdom of Italy	Leaders
18 Jun 1946	Italian Republic	Leaders
17 Mar 1861 - 9 Jan 1878	Vittorio Emanuele II	Savoia dynasty
9 Jan 1878 - 29 Jul 1900	Umberto I	Savoia dynasty
29 Jul 1900 - 9 May 1946	Vittorio Emanuele III	Savoia dynasty
9 May 1946 - 18 Jun 1946	Umberto II	Savoia dynasty
18 Jun 1946 - 1 Jul 1946	Alcide De Gasperi (acting)	Provisional Heads of State
1 Jul 1946 - 1 Jan 1948	Enrico De Nicola	Provisional Heads of State
1 Jan 1948 - 12 May 1948	Enrico De Nicola	Presidents
12 May 1948 - 11 May 1955	Luigi Einaudi	Presidents
11 May 1955 - 11 May 1962	Giovanni Gronchi	Presidents
11 May 1962 - 6 Dec 1964	Antonio Segni	Presidents
6 Dec 1964 - 29 Dec 1964	Cesare Merzagora (acting)	Presidents
29 Dec 1964 - 29 Dec 1971	Giuseppe Saragat	Presidents
29 Dec 1971 - 15 Jun 1978	Giovanni Leone	Presidents
15 Jun 1978 - 9 Jul 1978	Amintore Fanfani (acting)	Presidents
9 Jul 1978 - 29 Jun 1985	Sandro Pertini	Presidents
29 Jun 1985 - 28 Apr 1992	Francesco Cossiga	Presidents
28 Apr 1992 - 28 May 1992	Giovanni Spadolini (acting)	Presidents
28 May 1992 - 15 May 1999	Oscar Luigi Scalfaro	Presidents
15 May 1999 - 18 May 1999	Nicola Mancino (acting)	Presidents
18 May 1999 - 15 May 2006	Carlo Azeglio Ciampi	Presidents
15 May 2006 -	Giorgio Napolitano	Presidents
17 Mar 1861 - 6 Jun 1861	Camillo Benso, conte di Cavour	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
6 Jun 1861 - 4 Mar 1862	Bettino Ricasoli, conte di Brolio	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
4 Mar 1862 - 9 Dec 1862	Urbano Rattazzi (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
9 Dec 1862 - 24 Mar 1863	Luigi Carlo Farini	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
24 Mar 1863 - 23 Sep 1864	Marco Minghetti (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
23 Sep 1864 - 17 Jun 1866	Alfonso Ferrero, marchese di La Marmora (b. 1804 - d. 1878)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
17 Jun 1866 - 11 Apr 1867	Bettino Ricasoli, conte di Brolio	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
11 Apr 1867 - 27 Oct 1867	Urbano Rattazzi (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
27 Oct 1867 - 12 Dec 1869	Conte Luigi Federico Menabrea	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
12 Dec 1869 - 10 Aug 1873	Giovanni Lanza	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
10 Aug 1873 - 25 Mar 1876	Marco Minghetti (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
25 Mar 1876 - 23 Mar 1878	Agostino Depretis (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
23 Mar 1878 - 18 Dec 1878	Benedetto Cairoli (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
18 Dec 1878 - 12 Jul 1879	Agostino Depretis (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
12 Jul 1879 - 28 May 1881	Benedetto Cairoli (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
28 May 1881 - 29 Jul 1887	Agostino Depretis (3rd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
8 Aug 1887 - 9 Feb 1891	Francesco Crispi (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
9 Feb 1891 - 15 May 1892	Antonio Starabba, marchese di Rudinì (1st time) (b. 1839 - d. 1908)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
15 May 1892 - 10 Dec 1893	Giovanni Giolitti (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
10 Dec 1893 - 10 Mar 1896	Francesco Crispi (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
10 Mar 1896 - 29 Jun 1898	Antonio Starabba, marchese di Rudinì (2nd time) (s.a.)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
29 Jun 1898 - 24 Jun 1900	Luigi Pelloux	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
24 Jun 1900 - 15 Feb 1901	Giuseppe Saracco	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
15 Feb 1901 - 3 Nov 1903	Giuseppe Zanardelli	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
3 Nov 1903 - 12 Mar 1905	Giovanni Giolitti (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
12 Mar 1905 - 28 Mar 1905	Tommaso Tittoni	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
28 Mar 1905 - 8 Feb 1906	Alessandro Fortis	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
8 Feb 1906 - 29 May 1906	Barone Sidney Sonnino (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
29 May 1906 - 11 Dec 1909	Giovanni Giolitti (3rd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
11 Dec 1909 - 31 Mar 1910	Barone Sidney Sonnino (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
31 Mar 1910 - 30 Mar 1911	Luigi Luzzatti	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
30 Mar 1911 - 21 Mar 1914	Giovanni Giolitti (4th time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
21 Mar 1914 - 19 Jun 1916	Antonio Salandra	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
19 Jun 1916 - 30 Oct 1917	Paolo Boselli	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
30 Oct 1917 - 23 Jun 1919	Vittorio Emanuele Orlando	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
23 Jun 1919 - 16 Jun 1920	Francesco Saverio Nitti	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
16 Jun 1920 - 4 Jul 1921	Giovanni Giolitti (5th time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
4 Jul 1921 - 25 Feb 1922	Ivanoe Bonomi (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
25 Feb 1922 - 31 Oct 1922	Luigi Facta	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
31 Oct 1922 - 25 Jul 1943	Benito Mussolini	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
27 Jul 1943 - 9 Jun 1944	Pietro Badoglio	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
9 Jun 1944 - 21 Jun 1945	Ivanoe Bonomi (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
21 Jun 1945 - 10 Dec 1945	Ferruccio Parri	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
10 Dec 1945 - 17 Aug 1953	Alcide De Gasperi	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
17 Aug 1953 - 18 Jan 1954	Giuseppe Pella	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
18 Jan 1954 - 9 Feb 1954	Amintore Fanfani (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
9 Feb 1954 - 6 Jul 1955	Mario Scelba	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
6 Jul 1955 - 19 May 1957	Antonio Segni (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
19 May 1957 - 1 Jul 1958	Adone Zoli	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
1 Jul 1958 - 15 Feb 1959	Amintore Fanfani (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
15 Feb 1959 - 25 Mar 1960	Antonio Segni (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
25 Mar 1960 - 26 Jul 1960	Fernando Tambroni	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
26 Jul 1960 - 21 Jun 1963	Amintore Fanfani (3rd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
21 Jun 1963 - 5 Dec 1963	Giovanni Leone (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
5 Dec 1963 - 25 Jun 1968	Aldo Moro (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
25 Jun 1968 - 13 Dec 1968	Giovanni Leone (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
13 Dec 1968 - 7 Aug 1970	Mariano Rumor (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
7 Aug 1970 - 18 Feb 1972	Emilio Colombo	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
18 Feb 1972 - 4 Jul 1973	Giulio Andreotti (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
4 Jul 1973 - 2 Nov 1974	Mariano Rumor (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
2 Nov 1974 - 29 Jul 1976	Aldo Moro (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
29 Jul 1976 - 5 Aug 1979	Giulio Andreotti (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
5 Aug 1979 - 18 Oct 1980	Francesco Cossiga	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
18 Oct 1980 - 28 Jun 1981	Arnaldo Forlani	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
28 Jun 1981 - 30 Nov 1982	Giovanni Spadolini	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
30 Nov 1982 - 4 Aug 1983	Amintore Fanfani (4th time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
4 Aug 1983 - 18 Apr 1987	Bettino Craxi	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
18 Apr 1987 - 29 Jul 1987	Amintore Fanfani (5th time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
29 Jul 1987 - 13 Apr 1988	Giovanni Goria	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
13 Apr 1988 - 23 Jul 1989	Ciriaco De Mita	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
23 Jul 1989 - 28 Jun 1992	Giulio Andreotti (3rd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
28 Jun 1992 - 29 Apr 1993	Giuliano Amato (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
29 Apr 1993 - 11 May 1994	Carlo Azeglio Ciampi	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
11 May 1994 - 17 Jan 1995	Silvio Berlusconi (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
17 Jan 1995 - 18 May 1996	Lamberto Dini	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
18 May 1996 - 21 Oct 1998	Romano Prodi (1st time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
21 Oct 1998 - 26 Apr 2000	Massimo D'Alema	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
26 Apr 2000 - 11 Jun 2001	Giuliano Amato (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
11 Jun 2001 - 17 May 2006	Silvio Berlusconi (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
17 May 2006 - 8 May 2008	Romano Prodi (2nd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)
8 May 2008 -	Silvio Berlusconi (3rd time)	Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of Ministers)

Italian Social Republic (counter-government at Lake Garda)

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
1 Dec 1943	National Republican State of Italy renamed Italian Social Republic	Leaders
23 Sep 1943 - 28 Apr 1945	Benito Mussolini	Head of State

Partisan republics in 1944

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
10 Sep 1944 - 23 Oct 1944	Ettore Tibaldi	President of the Provisional Junta of Government of Ossola

Allied occupation

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
10 Jul 1943 - Jan 1944	Dwight D. Eisenhower (U.S.)	Heads of the Allied Military Government
Jan 1944 - 1944	Sir Henry Maitland Wilson (U.K.)	Heads of the Allied Military Government
1944 - 1945	Sir Harold Alexander (U.K.)	Heads of the Allied Military Government
1945 - 1947	William Duthie Morgan (U.K.)	Heads of the Allied Military Government
(from 24 Oct 1944, Allied C	ommission)	Chief commissioners of the Allied Control Commission
10 Nov 1943 - Jan 1944	Kenyon A. Joyce (U.S.)	Chief commissioners of the Allied Control Commission
Jan 1944 - Jun 1944	Sir Noel Mason-Macfarlane (U.K.)	Chief commissioners of the Allied Control Commission
Jun 1944 - 31 Jan 1947	Ellery W. Stone (U.S.)	Chief commissioners of the Allied Control Commission

Trieste

Date or term	Officeholder or event	Category
15 Sep 1947	Free Territory of Trieste	Leaders
26 Oct 1954	divided between Italy and Yugoslavia	Leaders
15 Sep 1947 - 31 Mar 1951	Sir Terence Sydney Airey	Zone A (British-U.S.)
1 Apr 1951 - 26 Oct 1954	Sir John Winterton	Zone A (British-U.S.)
15 Sep 1947 - Mar 1951	Mirko Lenac	Zone B (Yugoslav)
Mar 1951 - 25 Oct 1954	Milos Stamatovic	Zone B (Yugoslav)