Historical country records
Libya historical timeline
Tripolitania
| Date or term | Officeholder or event | Category |
|---|---|---|
| 1911 | independent government (in rebellion against Ottoman sovereignty) | Leaders |
| 3 Oct 1911 | Italian occupation | Leaders |
| 16 Nov 1918 | Tripolitanian Republic | Leaders |
| 12 Nov 1922 | annexed to Italy (nominally 18 May 1919) | Leaders |
| 1 Jan 1934 | part of Libya | Leaders |
| 23 Oct 1942 | British administration | Leaders |
| 1946 | UN administration | Leaders |
| 24 Dec 1951 | part of Libya | Leaders |
| 1911 - Mar 1913 | Sulayman ibn `Abd Allah al-Baruni | Ruler |
| 16 Nov 1918 - Nov 1920 | Ahmad Tahir al-Murayyid | Chairman of the Council of the Republic |
| Nov 1920 - 1923 | Ahmad Tahir al-Murayyid | Chairman of the Central Reform Board |
| Oct 1911 | Raffaele Borea Ricci d'Olmo | Governors |
| 11 Oct 1911 - 1912 | Carlo Francesco Giovanni Battista Caneva (b. 1845 - d. 1922) | Governors |
| 1912 - 1913 | Ottavio Ragni | Governors |
| 2 Jun 1913 - 1914 | Vincenzo Garioni | Governors |
| 1914 - 1915 | Luigi Druetti | Governors |
| 1915 | Iulio Cesare Tassoni | Governors |
| 1915 - 1918 | Giovanni Battista Ameglio | Governors |
| 6 Jul 1920 - Jul 1921 | Luigi Mercatelli | Governors |
| Jul 1921 - Jul 1925 | Giuseppe Volpi, conte di Misurata | Governors |
| Jul 1925 - 24 Jan 1929 | Emilio De Bono | Governors |
| 24 Jan 1929 - 31 Dec 1933 | Pietro Badoglio | Governors |
| Dec 1942 - 26 Jan 1943 | Maurice Stanley Lush | Governors |
| 1943 - 1951 | Travers Robert Blackley | Administrator (from Apr 1949, resident) |
Cyrenaica
| Date or term | Officeholder or event | Category |
|---|---|---|
| 1843 | Sanusiya Order founded | Leaders |
| 1920 | Italy claims sovereignty | Leaders |
| 1929 | Italy derecognizes the Order | Leaders |
| 1 Jan 1934 | part of Libya | Leaders |
| Feb 1941 | British administration (but again controlled by Axis forces for much of 1941 and 1942) | Leaders |
| Oct 1946 | Sanusi emir recognized by U.K. (administering the territory for the UN) | Leaders |
| 1 Jun 1949 | Emirate of Cyrenaica recognized | Leaders |
| 24 Dec 1951 | part of Libya | Leaders |
| 1843 - 7 Sep 1859 | Sayyid Muhammad ibn `Ali as-Sanusi | Sheikhs |
| 7 Sep 1859 - 2 Jun 1902 | Sayyid Muhammad ibn Sayyid Muhammad al-Mahdi as-Sanusi (b. 1844 - d. 1902) | Sheikhs |
| 2 Jun 1902 - 21 Aug 1918 | Sayyid Ahmad ibn Sayyid Muhammad ash-Sharif as-Sanusi (b. 1873 - d. 1933) | Sheikhs |
| 21 Aug 1918 - 25 Oct 1920 | Sayyid Muhammad Idris as-Sanusi | Sheikhs |
| 25 Oct 1920 - 1929 | Sayyid Muhammad Idris as-Sanusi | Emir |
| 1911 - 1913 | Ottavio Briccola | Governors |
| Oct 1913 - 1918 | Giovanni Battista Ameglio | Governors |
| 5 Aug 1918 - 1919 | Vincenzo Garioni | Governors |
| 5 Aug 1919 - 23 Nov 1921 | Giacomo De Martino | Governors |
| 23 Nov 1921 - Oct 1922 | Luigi Pintor | Governors |
| Oct 1922 - Dec 1922 | Eduardo Baccardi | Governors |
| 7 Jan 1923 - 1924 | Luigi Bongiovanni | Governors |
| 1924 - 2 Dec 1926 | Ernesto Mombelli | Governors |
| 2 Dec 1926 - 1928 | Attilio Teruzzi | Governors |
| Jan 1929 - Mar 1930 | Domenico Siciliani | Governors |
| Mar 1930 - May 1934 | Rodolfo Graziani, marchese di Neghelli (b. 1882 - d. 1955) | Governors |
| Jun 1934 - Apr 1935 | Guglielmo Nasi | Governors |
| 10 Feb 1941 - 1941 | Sir Henry Maitland Wilson | Military governors |
| 1941 | Philip Neame | Military governors |
| 1943 | Angus Lyell Collier | Military governors |
| 1943 - 1945 | Duncan Cameron Cumming | Administrators |
| 30 Oct 1945 - 1946 | Peter Bevil Edward Acland | Administrators |
| 1946 - 1948 | James William Norris Haugh | Administrators |
| 1948 - 1951 | Eric Armar Vully de Candole | Administrators |
| Oct 1946 - 24 Dec 1951 | Sayyid Muhammad Idris as-Sanusi | Emir |
| 9 Nov 1949 - 18 Mar 1950 | Umar Mansur Kikhia | Prime ministers |
| 18 Mar 1950 - 24 Dec 1951 | Muhammad Sakizli | Prime ministers |
Fezzan
| Date or term | Officeholder or event | Category |
|---|---|---|
| 918 | Sultanate of Fezzan founded | Leaders |
| 1212 | annexed by Borno | Leaders |
| 13.. | independence recovered | Leaders |
| 1580 - 1582 | incorporated into Ottoman Empire | Leaders |
| 1612 - 1614 | incorporated into Ottoman Empire | Leaders |
| 1623 - 1626 | incorporated into Ottoman Empire | Leaders |
| 1689 - 1689 | incorporated into Ottoman Empire | Leaders |
| 1843 | incorporated into Ottoman Empire | Leaders |
| 1911 | annexed by Italy | Leaders |
| 1 Jan 1934 | part of Libya | Leaders |
| 1946 | UN administration | Leaders |
| 24 Dec 1951 | part of Libya | Leaders |
| 1789 - 1804 | Sharif Muhammad ibn al-Mansur al-Hakim | Awlad Muhammad dynasty |
| 1804 - 1811 | Sharif Muhammad ibn al-Mansur al-Muntasir | Awlad Muhammad dynasty |
| 1811 - 1831 | Yusuf al-Mukkani (usurper) | Awlad Muhammad dynasty |
| 1831 - 1842 | Sayf an-Nasr `Abd al-Jalil ibn Rad | Banu Sulayman dynasty |
| Hakim (from 12 Feb 1950, Wa | li [Chef du territoire]) | Banu Sulayman dynasty |
| 1946 - 24 Dec 1951 | Ahmad Sayf an-Nasr | Banu Sulayman dynasty |
Libya
| Date or term | Officeholder or event | Category |
|---|---|---|
| 1 Jan 1934 | Tripolitania, Cyrenaica, and Fezzan united as colony of Libya | Leaders |
| 13 May 1943 | end of Italian rule | Leaders |
| 24 Dec 1951 | independence as United Libyan Kingdom | Leaders |
| 25 Apr 1963 | Libyan Kingdom | Leaders |
| 1 Sep 1969 | Libyan Arab Republic | Leaders |
| 2 Mar 1977 | Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya | Leaders |
| Apr 1986 | Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya | Leaders |
| 1 Sep 1969 - | Muammar al-Qaddafi | De facto chief of state ("Guide of the Revolution") |
| 1 Jan 1934 - 28 Jun 1940 | Italo Balbo | Governors-general |
| 1 Jul 1940 - 25 Mar 1941 | Rodolfo Graziani, marchese di Neghelli (s.a.) | Governors-general |
| 25 Mar 1941 - 19 Jul 1941 | Italo Gariboldi | Governors-general |
| 19 Jul 1941 - 2 Feb 1943 | Ettore Bastico | Governors-general |
| 2 Feb 1943 - 13 May 1943 | Giovanni Messe (acting) | Governors-general |
| 10 Dec 1949 - 24 Dec 1951 | Adrian Pelt (Netherlands) | UN commissioner |
| 24 Dec 1951 - 1 Sep 1969 | Idris I | King |
| 8 Sep 1969 - 1 Mar 1979 | Muammar al-Qaddafi | Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council |
| 1 Mar 1977 - 1 Mar 1979 | Muammar al-Qaddafi | Secretaries of the General People's Congress (nominal chiefs of state) |
| 1 Mar 1979 - 7 Jan 1981 | Abdul Ati al-Obeidi | Secretaries of the General People's Congress (nominal chiefs of state) |
| 7 Jan 1981 - 15 Feb 1984 | Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab | Secretaries of the General People's Congress (nominal chiefs of state) |
| 15 Feb 1984 - 7 Oct 1990 | Mifta al-Usta Umar | Secretaries of the General People's Congress (nominal chiefs of state) |
| 7 Oct 1990 - 18 Nov 1992 | Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa | Secretaries of the General People's Congress (nominal chiefs of state) |
| 18 Nov 1992 - 3 Mar 2008 | Zentani Muhammad az-Zentani | Secretaries of the General People's Congress (nominal chiefs of state) |
| 3 Mar 2008 - | Muftah Muhammad Kaiba | Secretaries of the General People's Congress (nominal chiefs of state) |
| 29 Mar 1951 - 19 Feb 1954 | Mahmud al-Muntasir (1st time) | Prime ministers |
| 19 Feb 1954 - 12 Apr 1954 | Muhammad Sakizli | Prime ministers |
| 12 Apr 1954 - 26 May 1957 | Mustafa Ben Halim | Prime ministers |
| 26 May 1957 - 17 Oct 1960 | Abdul Majid Kubar | Prime ministers |
| 17 Oct 1960 - 19 Mar 1963 | Muhammad Osman Said | Prime ministers |
| 19 Mar 1963 - 20 Jan 1964 | Mohieddin Fikini | Prime ministers |
| 20 Jan 1964 - 20 Mar 1965 | Mahmud al-Muntasir (2nd time) | Prime ministers |
| 20 Mar 1965 - 2 Jul 1967 | Hussein Maziq | Prime ministers |
| 2 Jul 1967 - 25 Oct 1967 | Abdul Qadir al-Badri | Prime ministers |
| 25 Oct 1967 - 4 Sep 1968 | Abdul Hamid al-Bakkoush | Prime ministers |
| 4 Sep 1968 - 31 Aug 1969 | Wanis al-Qaddafi | Prime ministers |
| 8 Sep 1969 - 16 Jan 1970 | Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi | Prime ministers |
| 16 Jul 1972 - 1 Mar 1977 | Abdul Salam Jalloud | Prime ministers |
| 1 Mar 1977 - 1 Mar 1979 | Abdul Ati al-Obeidi | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 1 Mar 1979 - 16 Feb 1984 | Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi (1st time) | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 16 Feb 1984 - 3 Mar 1986 | Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 3 Mar 1986 - 1 Mar 1987 | Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi (2nd time) | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 1 Mar 1987 - 7 Oct 1990 | Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 7 Oct 1990 - 29 Jan 1994 | Abuzed Omar Dorda | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 29 Jan 1994 - 29 Dec 1997 | Abdul Majid al-Qa´ud | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 29 Dec 1997 - 1 Mar 2000 | Muhammad Ahmad al-Mangoush | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 1 Mar 2000 - 14 Jun 2003 | Mubarak Abdallah al-Shamikh | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 14 Jun 2003 - 5 Mar 2006 | Shukri Ghanem | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |
| 5 Mar 2006 - | Al-Baghdadi Ali al-Mahmudi | Secretaries of the General People's Committee |